Epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in Loma Pyta (January - August 2025)

Abstract

Introduction: Toxoplasmosis, a parasitic infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii, represents a major concern during pregnancy due to the risk of vertical transmission and its potential consequences for the fetus, such as congenital malformations,    spontaneous abortion, or stillbirth. In many cases, the infection in pregnant women is asymptomatic, making it difficult to detect without adequate prenatal monitoring. In countries like Paraguay, where socioeconomic and environmental conditions can favor transmission of the parasite, controlling this infection in pregnant women is essential to prevent complications in maternal and child health. Objective: To determine the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in the first trimester treated at the Loma Pyta Maternal and Child Hospital in the period from January   to   August   2025.
 
Methodology: A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study based on a review of 30 medical records of pregnant women treated during the defined period. Conclusion: Most women were young, with secondary education, and occupational diversity. They presented mild symptoms, received treatment with spiramycin, and had a good clinical response, with few maternal and fetal complications. IgG and IgM serology was positive in 100% of cases, while 23.3% tested positive for the IgG avidity test, highlighting the importance of timely clinical follow-up.